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XNR - Exner used this compact two-seat roadster to explore an asymmetrical, driver-oriented design theme with sculptural fender blades.
While Ford's Falcon was running away with the compact-car market, Exner transformed Chrysler's compact, the Plymouth Valiant, into his most radical idea car, the 1960 Plymouth XNR concept car. (Say the initials quickly.) Representing the peak of his enthusiasm as head of Chrysler design, it's imaginative "Asymmetrical Styling" was bold, to say the least — especially for a Plymouth. The car was likely to preview the similar but far more subtle styling than planned for Chrysler's 1962 showroom models.
The car could seat two but was best suited for a single occupant, the driver. The driver sat behind a dramatically curved "personal" windshield; a smaller, fold-own windscreen was available to protect a passenger. Additionally, the passenger sat somewhat lower than the driver — a design touch intended to minimize the adverse effects of the wind. Thus the huge port-side headrest-cum-tailfin, which was intended to emphasize the driver while harkening back to late-1950s racing-car design, exemplified by the likes of Jaguar's D-Type and XKSS. The frame of the XNR's grille was constructed of heavy-duty materials and doubled as the car's front bumper. The "X-motif" rear bumper was a visual reminder of the car's name and essentially asymmetric nature. Quad headlamps nestled in a prominent mesh-filled bumper/grille roughly oval in shape. A metal tonneau typically covered the passenger seat, but a small fold-flat auxiliary windshield should be aboard.
The interior was finished in black leather and aluminum. Of the car, Exner remarked he was "striving to avoid the static and bulky, which is ugly and not what an automobile should look like. The goal is to try for a graceful look with a built-in feeling of motion. The wedge shape expresses the function of automobiles because it imparts a sense of direction." Though XNR rode Valiant's tidy 106-inch wheelbase, prominent overhangs stretched overall length to 195 inches. The height was just 43 inches to the top of the fin. What excited sports-car fans — and prompted rumors of imminent sale — was the XNR's engine. Power came from the hairiest version ever developed of Valiant's 225 Slant Six, which pumped out 250 horsepower — 1.11 horses per cubic inch.
"We took [XNR] to the Proving Grounds and had a professional drive it," Exner said later. "He lapped at 151 or 152, which wasn't bad for that time."
As a production sports car, the XNR would have been unique; in racing guise, it would likely have trimmed most anything in its displacement class. But again, Chrysler decided there was just no market; even if there had been, the styling would likely have seemed too far out to sell well. Finally, Exner's abrupt firing in 1962 killed any chance the design might have had for being refined into something more practical for production. Incidentally, the XNR was one Exner particular not built by Ghia, though the Italian coachbuilder did manage something similar on its own a bit later. Its Valiant Assimetrica had none of the XNR's flair and never went beyond the one-off stage. However, the less-radical 1961 Plymouth Asimmetrica Roadster by Ghia would carry similar styling and use the same Plymouth Valient chassis, engine, and drivetrain.
Source: Chrysler Design Institute
Images: Mario Buonocunto; Concept Car Central; Shooterz.biz, RM Auctions; www.motortrend.com; Collections of The Henry Ford - www.thehenryford.org
